Ionizing Radiation
Practical information about ionizing radiation produced by X-ray and CT examinations.
Table of contents
Radiation Protection
Due to the (potentially) negative long-term effects of radiation, the question whether the examination is indicated should be considered critically. Key questions include:
- Is an X-ray/CT examination the only way to answer the question? Consider alternatives such as ultrasound and MRI
- Will the examination impact treatment? Will the outcome impact strategy?
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Literature: sources and author
Text & Illustrations
drs. A. van der Plas, MSK radiologist Maastricht UMC+
Sources:
- United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation (2008)
- Bethesda. MD. Ionizing radiation exposure of the population of the United States. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. 2009, NCRP No. 160.
- Padole A, Ali Khawaja RD et al. CT Radiation Dose and Iterative Reconstruction Techniques. AJR Am J Roentgenol. (2015)
- Mettler FA Jr, Huda W et al. Effective doses in radiology and diagnostic nuclear medicine: a catalog. Radiology (2008)
- Brenner DJ, Elliston CD et al. Estimated Risks of Radiation-Induced Fatal Cancer from Pediatric CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. (2001)
- M. Prokop; Spiral and Multislice Computed Tomography of the body (2003)
- Ghiassi-nejadd M, Mortazavi SM et al. Very high background radiation areas of Ramsar Iran: preliminary biological studies. Health Phys. (2002)
- RIVM – Dossier Stralingsbelasting in Nederland.
- Rehani MM. Am Confused About the Cancer Risks Associated With CT: How Can We Summarize What Is Currently Known? AJR Am J Roentgenol. (2015)
- Kleinman PL, Strauss KJ et al. Patient Size Measured on CT Images as a Function of Age at a Tertiary Care Children’s Hospital. AJR Am J Roentgenol. (2010)
- Gezondheidsraad. Risico’s van blootstelling aan ioniserende straling. Den Haag: Gezondheidsraad, 2007 (publicatienr. 2007/03)
- Aliyu AS, Ramli AT. The world’s high background natural radiation areas (HBNRAs) revisited: A broad overview of the dosimetric, epidemiological and radiobiological issues. Radiation Measurements (2015)
- Gordic S, Morsbach F et al. Ultralow-dose chest computed tomography for pulmonary nodule detection: first performance evaluation of single energy scanning with spectral shaping. Invest Radiol. (2014)
- Kleiverda G, van Tienhoven G. Bestraling tijdens de zwangerschap: denk nooit nooit. Ned Tijdschr Oncol (2007)
- Berlin SC, Weinert DM et al. Successful Dose Reduction Using Reduced Tube Voltage With Hybrid Iterative Reconstruction in Pediatric Abdominal CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. (2015)
- Mahesh M. NCRP Report Number 160: its significance to medical imaging. J Am Coll Radiol. (2009)
- Bethesda, Md. Ionizing radiation exposure of the population of the United States. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (2009)
- Cira-Bielac O, Rehani MM et al. Risk for radiation-induced cataract for staff in interventional cardiology: is there reason for concern? Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. (2010)
- Rajabi AB, Noohi F et al. Ionizing Radiation-Induced Cataract in Interventional Cardiology Staff. Res Cardiovasc Med. (2015)
23/08/2015
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